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意大利语复合时态
The compound tenses (i tempi composti) are verb tenses that consist of two words, such as the passato prossimo (present perfect). Both the verbs essere and avere act as helping verbs in compound tense formations. For example: io sono stato (I was) and ho avuto (I had).
Present Perfect with Avere
In general, transitive verbs (verbs that carry over an action from the subject to the direct object) are conjugated with avere as in the following example:
Il pilota ha pilotato l'aeroplano. (The pilot flew the plane.)
When the passato prossimo is c...
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意大利语助动词
When forming the passato prossimo, which auxiliary verb should be used—avere or essere? How do you decide? Compound tenses such as the passato prossimo are formed with the present indicative of the au...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语过去分词
Compound tenses such as the passato prossimo are formed with the present indicative of the auxiliary verb avere or essere and the past participle (participio passato). The past participle of regular v...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语不规则过去分词
Many verbs in Italian, especially the -ere verbs, have irregular past participles. A list of some of the most common infinitives, along with a sample variation, as well as their past participle forms,...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语未完成时
The imperfect tense (imperfetto) is formed by adding the same endings to all three conjugations. The only difference is the typical vowel of the infinitive. For details, see the table below.
CONJUGAT...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语过去完成时
In English the past perfect tense (trapassato prossimo) is formed with the auxiliary "had" + the past participle of the main verb. In Italian, the trapassato prossimo, a compound tense, is formed with...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语将来时
Tomorrow you will prepare pasta puttanesca. Saturday you will buy that Italian leather jacket you've been thinking about. Next year you will learn the future tense. Che sarà, sarà—what will be, will b...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语将来完成时
How to express the idea of "I will have" or "they will have"? Use the futuro anteriore or future perfect tense. Here is what it looks like:
Alle sette avremo già mangiato. (By seven we'll already hav...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语现在虚拟式
Language is fluid, and usage changes. A case in point is the subjunctive (il congiuntivo), which in English is rapidly becoming extinct. Phrases like "I suggest you go home immediately" and "Robert wi...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语现在完成虚拟式
As you've probably figured out by now, if there's a congiuntivo presente, there's a congiuntivo passato (present perfect subjunctive). And like other verb tense formations, the congiuntivo passato is ...[ 查看全文 ]
意大利语未完成虚拟式
The imperfect subjunctive (congiuntivo imperfetto) is required when the verb in the dependent clause is in a past tense or the conditional. For conjugations of three regular verbs, see the table below...[ 查看全文 ]
